There are two fans in this unit. It was my secondary fan that had failed. The primary fan is the one on the bottom that you can see, and the secondary is in the back near the usb connectors.
You'll need to determine which one has failed. I was able to diagnosis mine by setting the power management features to Level 2 from 4 on the cpu, and the fan setting to "battery optimized."
In that particular configuration, I could hear a fan turning on, but it wouldn't run long enough to trip the error message. I was then able to use the machine in a very slow speed waiting for the replacement fan to arrive. The fan was about $35, but because of it being buried so far into the internals, it took me three hours to disassemble, replace, and reassemble the machine.
I used the pictures here:
http://www.irisvista.com/tech/laptops/ToshibaA45/Satellite-A45-remove-hinges-1.htm as a guide for assembly and disassembly.