What is the difference between research chemicals and bath salts?

Yes you can add those chemicals. But keep in mind any salt is corrosive.

Common name is the name what people call it, it usually gives you no idea as to what the chemical composition of the compound is. (eg: Common name for Sodium Chloride is Salt) whereas the chemical name is based on what the compound is made up of (A molecule of salt is made up of one atom of Sodium and one atom of chlorine. this can be understood from the chemical name, but not from the common name.)