Headphones are working and mic is not working
The mics are of two types: electrostatic(cheap and modern) and old-stiled "dynamic". Old souncards were automatically switching to the mics type. Modern soundcards have to be switched manually.
In "sound properties" you first must check in that mic is turned on, mic volume in max and in all menues avd buttons find something like "mic amplifier boost"and turn it on. It's only non-standart mic tuning option in standart systems. All other problems in defects. Soundcards can be verifyed by so:
(with maximal speaker and mic volume) many times plug in and plug out any reacheable mics and headphones to the mic connection nest (hole), and listen(or recording) resulting scratches. If scratches or other related sounds are abscend(only noise), soundcard is bad. The mic problem may be in "jack left-right interconnection". This useful thing may hang some improper cards. Also that cards often cannot work with dynamic type. And they very sensitive to a manufacturer, and model of mic.
Problem may be also in configuring multimode speaker nests in 5_1(7.1) cards like REALTEC - the mic nest may be switched to the speaker output mode. Open Realtec's control center(in control panel or quicklaunch icon) and check in mic nest to "mic mode" or switch mode from 5.1 to stereo speakers.
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