Engine cuts out while driving
Hi,
If your engine just stalls unexpectedly while driving, read the instruction below to troubleshoot it...
Stalls like this are often ignition-related and happen when the engine loses spark. The underlying cause is often a bad crankshaft position sensor, or sometimes a failing ignition coil (if the engine has only one coil). A faulty ignition switch that loses contact intermittently may also cause the engine to suddenly die for no reason.
When this happens, open the hood and check for spark. This can be done by pulling off a plug wire (if the engine has plug wires), and placing the end near the block while a helper cranks the engine. DO NOT hold the wire as it may shock you if the ignition system is working. If you do not see a spark or hear the plug wire snapping when the engine is cranking, the fault is in the ignition system.
If the engine has spark, it may have died due to a loss of fuel pressure. When fuel pumps fail, they usually just quit with little or no warning. The engine usually won't restart and the vehicle has to be towed in for repairs. Listen for a buzz from the vicinity of the fuel tank when the ignition is turned on. No buzz means the fuel pump isn't running. It might just be a blown fuse or a bad relay, but on a high mileage vehicle it's often a bad fuel pump.
Another possibility is a bad PCM (engine computer) relay. The power supply to the PCM is often routed through one or two main power relays. If one of these relays loses contact momentarily, it's like pulling the plug on the PCM. The PCM shuts down and turns off the ignition and fuel injectors, causing the engine to stall. One way to see if this is a possibility is to switch or replace the PCM power relay(s). If the problem goes away, the cause was a bad relay. If it continues, the fault is something else (possible a wiring fault in the PCM relay or PCM power circuit).
Yet another possibility is low system voltage, loss of voltage, or overcharging. The PCM and other control modules require a steady 12 volts to operate correctly. If the supply voltage suddenly drops below 9 volts, or surges about 16 volts, or cuts out, the PCM may temporarily kill the injectors or ignition circuit. The underlying cause may be an intermittent short somewhere in the electrical system or charging system that causes a momentary drop or surge in voltage. These can be very difficult to find, and often require hooking up a scan tool that can capture snapshot data when the stall occurs. By looking at the data, a technician can see the chain of events that caused the stall, and hopefully identify, isolate and repair the fault.