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You can convert pipe size to gallons per minute of flow by calculating the cross-sectional area of the pipe and making some reasonable assumptions about pipe volume and the rate of flow. Pipe sizing is measured by the internal diameter of the pipe, not the overall outside diameter. Once determined, the overall volume can be calculated. Pipe flow is described in gallons per minute. Shorter lengths of pipe will have a greater flow than a longer length of the same diameter. This is caused by internal resistance of the pipe itself. By the same reasoning a larger diameter pipe will have a greater flow or GPM than a smaller pipe at the same pressure or flow rate. Pressure is described as pounds per square inch. The square-inch measurement is determined by the area of the pipe. The pounds are the amount of force that is placed on the liquid to push it through the enclosed space.With that background, you can estimate the flow based on the pipe size.
Find the cross-section area of the pipe. Area is equal to pi times the radius squared or a = 3.14 x r2. A two-inch diameter pipe would have a cross-section area of 3.14 x 12 or 3.14 square inches.
Understand that water has a certain pressure associated with the height of that water. One pound of water pressure, or 1 PSI, is equal to 2.31 feet of elevation in height. In other words, a 1-inch column or pipe of water that is 2.31 feet high will have a pressure of 1 PSI. The overall height -- not volume -- of the pipe corresponds to the pressure. A 6-inch diameter pipe that is 2.31 feet high will only have 1 PSI.
Find the volume of the 2-inch diameter pipe in Step 1 that has a length of 10 feet. Ten feet is equal to 120 inches. Multiply 3.14 square inches, the cross sectional area, times the length. The volume of the pipe is equal to 376.8 cubic inches of volume.
Convert cubic inches into cubic feet. One cubic foot equals 1,728 cubic inches. Divide 376.8 cubic inches by 1,728 cubic inches per cubic foot and the answer is .218 cubic feet. This means that the 2-inch diameter pipe that is 10 feet long has an internal volume of .218 cubic feet.
Calculate the amount of water that can be contained in the section of pipe at any given time. One cubic foot of water is equal to 7.48 gallons. Multiply 7.48 gallons by .218 cubic feet and the amount of water in the pipe is equal to 1.63 gallons.
Find the GPM if the flow of water is one foot per second. Multiply the one-foot per second flow by 60 seconds per minute and the flow is now 60 feet per minute. In other words the water will flow through the 10-foot pipe six full volumes for every minute. Since the piping contains 1.63 gallons per 10 feet of pipe, multiply 1.63 by six and the final GPM is equal to 9.78 GPM of water flow from the 2-inch diameter pipe.
As an example, let's use 500 square feet to be mulched at a
3" depth.
First, the depth must be converted to feet. To convert inches to feet, simply divide inches by 12, the number of inches in a foot.
So for our example: 3 inches divided by 12 equals a 0.25 foot depth.
Now that we have the depth in feet, we can multiply the depth by the area.
So for our example: 0.25 foot depth times 500 square feet equals 125 cubic feet.
If you are calculating 0.5, 2, or 3, cubic foot bags, simply divide 125 cubic feet by the size of the bag.
So for our example: if we are using 2 cubic foot bags, we can divide 125 cubic feet by 2 which equals 62.5 bags.
If you are calculating cubic yards, we need to convert 125 cubic feet to cubic yards by dividing by 27. One cubic yard is equal to 27 cubic feet, see the diagram below.
So for our example: 125 cubic feet divided by 27 equals 4.63 cubic yards.
Hi Paula:
A mathematical logic question.
You need to get all of the measurements in the same units.
- A cubic yard is 1 yard x 1 yard x 1 yard
- equals 3 ft x 3 ft x 3 ft
- equals 27 cubic feet,
so once you have the volume of the pipe in cubic feet, you divide by 27 to get the volume in cubic yards.
- Volume of a cylinder (the pipe) is the cross sectional area X length.
- Area equals Pi x r squared.
- equals 22/7 x 1 x 1
equals 3.14#####
times length (20)
equals 62.857### cubic feet volume
divide by 27 cubic feet
equals 2.328### cubic yards.
- The answer is always the easy part.
- what is important is knowing exactly what the question is, and
- determing what calculations are needed to get the answer.
Wasn't that better than if I'd just said 2 1/3 cubic yards?
Cheers
Hi Debbie:
You still get to use your calculator, but you need to use the mathematical formulae dealing with circles.
Area = pi times r squared
Volume of a cylinder = Area (of one end) times length.
For your cement mixer, (Average the diameter for simplicity)
All of the measurements need to be in the same units, lets use inches, then convert it to cubic feet.....
the volume would be:
pi (22 divided by 7)
times
1/2 diameter
times
1/2 diameter
times
depth
For my ancient mixer that would be:
22 / 7 x 10" x 10" x 22" = 6,914 cubic inches
1 cubic foot equals 12" x 12" x 12" equals 1728 cubic inches.
6,914 divided by 1728 equals 4 cubic feet.
Now we don't fill it right up, but that is its capacity.
Hope that helps.
By the way, my mixer likes 10 shovel fulls of navvy, 2 shovels of type 10 cement, and about 2 quarts of water to get a nice mix.
I do the water first,
then 5 navvy
then 2 cement
then another 5 navvy,
then just enough water to get the right consistency.
Cheerfuls!
Hi Bob:
1 cubic yard is 3ft by 3 ft by 3 ft.
3 times 3 times 3 equals 27, so
1 cubic yard equals 27 cubic feet.
2 1/2 inches divided by 12 inches equals .2083333 feet
196 square feet times .208333 feet equals 40.83333 cubic feet
40.83333 cubic ft divided by 27 cubic ft equals 1.5123456 cu yards.
Ta Da!!!!
Multiply 21 inches by 14 inches by 10 inches to get 2940 cubic inches. There are 12 inches in a foot, so there are 12^3=1728 cubic inches in a cubic foot. Divide 2940 cubic inches by 1728 cubic inches per cubic foot to get about 1.7 cubic feet.
Alternatively, first convert all measurements to feet. 21 inches is 1 3/4 feet, 14 inches is 1 1/6 feet, 10 inches is 5/6 feet. Multiply them together to get 245/144 cubic feet, which again is about 1.7 cubic feet.
It's always nice when doing a problem two different ways gives the same answer.
Inch is a measure of length and cubic feet is a measure of volume. There is no conversion between them. It's just like trying to convert inches to gallons, it can't be done.
Now if you want to convert cubic inches to cubic feet, that's possible. Since there are 12 inches to a foot, there are 12-cubed or 1728 cubic inches in a cubic foot.
pi r squared * depth to calculate this mathematically. Get a tape measure and measure the distance of the center of the drum to the edge, multiply that by itself. Then multipky that by 3.14. then measure from the back of the drum to the front edge and multiply by that. For example the dryer is 24 inches deep and has a 12 inch radius. 12 times 12 is 144 times 3.14 this is 452.16 times 24 equals 10851.84 cubic inches. divide that by 1728 to get cubic feet. You can do this in feet instead so it is easier. http://www.ehow.com/how_5622710_measure-dryer.html
get a measureing tape measure inside dimensions multiply them together eg: a freezer with an inside dimension of 2' X 2' X 3' would equal 12 cubic feet if want an exact value measure in inches 24" X 24" X 36" = 20736 and divide by 1728 will give you cubic feet cool eh.. where did I get the 1728? (12 X 12 X 12) =1728 converts cubic inches to cubic feet Good Luck let me know when you pour that cement pad for under your shed I tell you how many yards to order
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