Yes, there should be tension discs which control the tension on the top thread. If it is jamming up and marking the thread as you describe then I'd suggest that the tension discs need cleaning.
Most thread, especially darker colours, will shed fibres and also dye particles, as the thread runs through the tension device, add a bit of dust in the environment and the discs can get pretty gunked up.
On my Janome, I just turn the dial to zero, then get a selvage edge of fabric scrap in between the discs and saw it back and forward to give it a good clean - the dirt on the fabric I get out is amazing. I would do this once a month on my main machine, and whenever I get out another machine I always clean and oil it fully before use.
However, in your model the tension device may not be so easy to access as the old dial styles. I would suggest that you take your machine to an Elna dealer/repair shop and pay for a service/clean.
Just as you have your car serviced, getting your machine serviced at least every 2 years is worth the money as they can give it a good clean and service internally as well as sort out any issues.
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