When turning on my American Standard single faucet I get a water hammer noise and my sprayer also jumps?

Sounds like water hammer. Air in the pipes. Lower volume of water out of the sprayer isn't enough to initiate the hammer. Try shutting the water off to the house and draining the pipes.
Open the offending faucet and turn the water back on this should eliminate the air in the pipes.

I had the same issue with an American Standard faucet that I installed new 6 months ago. The diverter can be the issue if you have a sprayer attachment. Try unscrewing the sprayer head from the hose it's attached to. Now run the water full pressure with the hose pointed into the sink, obviously :~). After running the water for about 1 minute, connect the sprayer head back onto the hose, make certain the flat rubber washer and ring gaskets are seated in their grooves properly, and tighten until you have no water leaking from the sprayer head/hose connection. Now try the water through the faucet. If the problem was a temporary diverter issue, your pressure should be fine now. Good luck

I f like most faucets it will have a aerator its at the end of the spout unscrew & clean...that should do the trick ';';';

Using the number you gave it is an American Standard faucet here is a link to a parts place.
I would use the factory parts.

http://americanstandard.faucetdirect.com/index.cfm?page=product:partsDisplay&productId=4205.104&manufacturer=American%20Standard

That is normal with that faucet.

You could try calling American Standard 8 am to 5 pm Monday through Friday ..1-800-223-0068 for the Hotline # or 1-800-442-1902

Faucets are fastened with nut(s) under the sink.
-Turn off and disconnect the water supply hose from the faucet.
-If this is a faucet with a sprayer you will need to disconnect the sprayer hose from the faucet as well.
-If this is a bathroom sink you will have to disconnect the drain stopper assembly, this should be self-explain when you look at it.
-Remove the nuts or nut holding the faucet in place. This can be a difficult task to get a wrech or pliers on the nut(s). If you are having difficulty you may need to acquire a tool called a "basin wrench" most hardware stores carry them ask for it, if the person knows his department he will take you right to it. They arn't terribly exspensive.

you have air in your water lines

I would turn off the water then check to make sure you have good flow up to the faucet itself. If you do then there might be a proplem with the cartridge or diverter. does it have a sprayer? If it has a sprayer head for the spout of the faucet then there will be what the call a check valve inside the spray head itself that canbe removed with a skinny screwdriver or something thin and long

The diverter in the main body of the faucet is sticking. I have included a link to all the kitchen faucets. You will have to determine which one you have but they pretty much use the same housings and guts for each of their single handle faucets. You might have to do a little research on your end so you can find info on how to replace the diverter. It's usually not hard to do.