When you thread the top thread, the thread will drop down on the right side of the tension mechanism and go around the bottom (clockwise) and up the left side. Grab the thread somewhere above the tension mechanism with your right hand and then pull the toward the right (as though you are going to close the circle around the tension disk. The thread should pull on the metal wire (spring) and your thread should pop into the correct position of the tension disk. When you release the thread, the wire spring should pop back to the left. Then you will continue threading through the remaining thread guides and the take-up lever.
Here's a service manual for your machine (in case you need one):
Singer 20U31 Service Manual
Threading video:
Threading Singer 20U 20 33 industrial sewing machine
Singer 20U Industrial Sewing Machine Tutorial
Singer 20U Industrial Sewing Machine Tutorial
Bobbin winding on the Singer 20 33 or 20U
this video shows threading the tension disk:
How to Thread Singer Industrial Sewing Machine
SOURCE: Singer Simple bottom thread is loose
hi there
raise pressure foot up thread making sure thread passes between thread guide this should solve problem never alter bobbin tension,
mary h
SOURCE: How do i set thread tension on a 306W Singer
Top tension about 4 or 5, make sure the presser foot is up when you theread the machine, make sure you can just pull the bobbin thread through with some slight resistence, if it is too tight slacken the screw on the bobbin case a quarter of a turn at a time anti clockwise.
SOURCE: Singer Featherweight tension assembly
Putting this back together is a thirty second job if you have done it a hundred times. If you have never done it but have mechanical aptitude, it may be a challenge.
Whatever you do, don't bend the check spring out of shape!
Below is a link to the Singer site with the schematic for reassembly. When placing the check spring back in place, place it in about the 6 o'clock position with no tension so that it has a fair amount of check before pulling it up in place..
When setting the tension, at a setting of "1" the tension disks should just be slightly compressing the beehive spring. "0" is almost no tension at all. Normal sewing is 5.
Get all of the parts together and push in the cup with the numbers while screwing on the knurled nut taking care to get the pin in one of the holes.
http://www.parts.singerco.com/CPpartCharts/2_2999/221-1_221K1_221K4_221K5.pdf
SOURCE: thread balls up in the bobbin/singer sewing machine, also thread
The balance stitch control on this model is below the stitch patterns; to the far right.
If you need a manual you can download a free one at the Singer Company website.
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