Craftsman 16.5 hp kohler gas in oil
If the machine's fuel tank is located ABOVE the level of the engine's carburettor then it is most likely a "Gravity Feed" fuel supply system .. i.e. no fuel pump reqd.
If that's the case then the carb has 'flooded' at some stage (most likely when engine was not running), and the fuel has simply flowed down thru the carb and into the intake tract, and then down into the sump via the crankcase breather tube. This is extremely common on "low end" brands which, for reasons of economy, are not equipped with low-mounted fuel tanks and fuel pumps.
The reason that the carb has flooded is usually caused by a leaking Needle & Seat (aka Float Valve) in the carb, which could simply be caused by a bit of debris stopping the inlet needle from seating, OR, the Inlet needle may need replacing.
The reason why the engine wouldn't start is simply that it was flooded ... just like cars used to do back before EFI. Drain the crankcase and re-fill with oil, remove the spark plug and let engine dry out overnight, fit a new dry plug, put throttle lever at about 1/4 open, and crank the engine (OUTDOORS!) till it starts. May take a while to fire up, and may be a bit smoky for a while, but it should go.
My advice ... NEVER even approach a lawn tractor with a gravity feed fuel system. There should be laws against them.
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