Under the same circumstances,
pressure vessels get higher failure rates than other equipment. Most
pressure vessels generally withstand loads which is static and relatively steady. Thus,
pressure vessels will not be broken due to the overuse like rotating machinery, and not be out of operation owing to the fatigue like high-speed engines.According to the research and practice, the reasons for pressure vessels' high failure rates are listed below.
Pressure vessels have strict working conditions.Not only various loads of pressure (pulsatile pressure generally) do
pressure vessels withstand, but also pressure vessels withstand some other loads. Moreover,
pressure vessels, sometimes, need to be operated in cryogenic conditions or tough working environments with high temperatures or corrosive working media.
Pressure vessels are overloaded easily.The pressure inside the pressure vessels usually rises due to the misoperation and the abnormal reaction. Besides, pressure vessels are always broken before the abnormal conditions are noticed.
Pressure vessels has complex local stress. For example, the opening and the other discontinuous constructions of pressure vessels are always fractured by fatigue because of not only excessively high local stress but also continual loading and unloading.There are some hidden problems of
pressure vessels.Welded or forged containers can easily get serious defects such as fine cracks in manufacture. These defects might become more serious in operation and make pressure vessels broken in certain conditions.
Wrong Management of pressure vesselsPressure vessels are used illegally. In order to escape from supervision and management, some factories buy equipment produced by unauthorized and uncertified manufacturers and the equipment is used as
pressure vessels, which can cause serious failures. Legal
pressure vessels are operated without normative management.Enterprises have supervisory engineering staff without knowing professional knowledge and regulations of pressure vessels. Failures occur easily when
pressure vessel operators do not have neither qualifications nor experience of professional training.There are no safety regulations for operations, technical documents of equipment, periodic inspections for equipment and qualified employees or management personnel.As a result,
pressure vessels and their safety accessories, with abnormal use and disordered management, are not in safety management.Without authorization,
pressure vessels are not only used in wrong conditions, but also even refitted. Managers of factories neglect the safety operation of pressure vessels and the
pressure vessels are used in unsuitable working environments for adapting to certain processing technologies. Moreover, even some broken pressure vessels are also put into use. Thus, the wrong operation and the overuse of
pressure vessels can result in serious problems.The local supervision department in charge of safety production, relevant administrative departments and relevant law enforce authorities do not work effectively and have not yet adapted to the progress of socialist market economy. The rapid increased quantity of small widespread private enterprises causes wrong operation, ******* equipment control and loose supervision of relevant departments.
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