Sony TC-138SD cassette deck starts to play then stops after 3 secs. Same when trying to rewind/fast forward

The unit needs belts and lubrication as well as other things that are seen in the repair of this older mechanism.

likely something has wrapped around the drive capstan, that would make tapes play faster. Forward and reverse are likely belt issues.

if the take up side gets stuck it could feed excess tape and stop the mechanism. Look to see if both reels are turning when you push play. Remove cassette door for a better view if possible.

Make sure your tapes have NO slack in them. Fast forward and rewind one cassette all the way, then try again looking to see if both sides are turning. If not, you may have a belt that is old, stretched and slipping or it's split apart or just fallen off

Check the belts, inside the unit you should see a rubber belt which is what pulls the tape fast forward or rewind. Some belts with time get loose and slip, they can also break and fall off which will not let you fast forward or rewind.
Open your cassette player and look where the plastic pulleys are located and check for the belts, they might not be broken at all but very loose and slip on the plastic pulley.

Many cassette decks employ separate belts for fast forward and rewind. It could be that one of them has come off.

When a deck is stored for some time, the belts perish, or the belt on the main capstan drive motor ends up with tight bend in it, where it has been on the pulley for a while. On start up, the belt will drop off the flywheel.
Take off the lid and investigate. For fast forward & rewind the reel motor drives it, this motor also is used for take up on play.
If the capstan(s) are not running, the take up will not work. Most machines have a sensor on the feed spool, if this does not rotate, it will switch off so as not to feed a load of tape with nowhere to go.
Google your deck number for drive belts.

Sounds like the cassette tape itself is too tight to play, try fast forwarding or rewinding the tape in the deck all the way to the end of tape several times before trying to play. This may solve the problem

REEL TO REEL RECORDER SONY TC 330 - on back side of the set voltage selector knobe is lost,so how can i fix it ?

It needs a new rubber belt for the mechanism control.
It is a smallest of th 3 rubber belts.

Sounds like the tape tension sensor is stuck. The sensor is always telling the mechanism that the tape has reached the end.