You will have a heavy output wire from the alternator to the battery where the charging current goes from alternator to battery. There is a wire going from the dash BAT light to the alternator I teminal to supply 12 volts to the alternaotor Field circuit to start the charging process. The dash bulb must be lit with key in ON position. Another wire is the S wire that helps regualte the current output.
Look for a fuse in the fuse box too.
ISSUE:
When a generator fails, there are a few failure modes that may cause heat to be produced at the wiring harness-to-generator connector. This excess heat may damage the female terminals on the wiring harness, resulting in increased resistance. The increased resistance produces more heat. When the generator is replaced, the resistance produced by a damaged connector may damage the new generator and could result in a repeat repair, including installation of another generator. High resistance (caused by a damaged connector) will not go away until the damaged connector is replaced.
ACTION:
Visually inspect the harness-to-generator connector for damage (heat, corrosion, distortion and cracking) before installing a new generator. Install the Generator Wiring Harness Connector Kit (E5AZ-14305-AA) if the harness-to-generator connector is damaged.
The Generator Wiring Harness Connector Kit (E5AZ-14305-AA) contains the following:
One (1) Red Wire **** Connector
Two (2) Yellow Wire **** Connectors
One (1) Wire Connector Assembly
One (1) Instruction Sheet (I.S. 6849)
PART NUMBER PART NAME
E5AZ-14305-AA Generator Wiring Harness Connector Kit
1992 Econoline, don't have 89, should be similar.
Section 14-00: Charging General Service 1992 Bronco/Econoline/F-Series Workshop Manual
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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Operation (Indicator Lamp)
With the ignition key in the RUN position, voltage is applied through the charge lamp I circuit to the voltage regulator. This turns the regulator on allowing current to flow from the battery sense A circuit to the alternator field coil. When the engine is started, the alternator begins to generate alternating (AC) current which is converted to direct (DC) current by the rectifier assembly internal to the alternator. This current is then supplied to the vehicle's electrical system through the output located on the rear of the alternator.
Once the alternator begins generating current, a voltage signal is taken from the alternator stator and fed back to the regulator S circuit, turning off the charge indicator (battery symbol).
With the system functioning normally, the alternator output current is determined by the voltage of the A circuit (battery sense voltage). The A circuit voltage is compared to a voltage internal to the regulator, and the regulator controls the alternator field current. The reference voltage will vary with temperature and is typically higher in the winter than in the summer, allowing for better battery recharge in the winter and reducing the chance of overcharging the battery in the summer.
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