2003 Mercedes e500 105000 miles have error codes p0305 p0306 p0307 p0308 and check engine light, car ran rough for about a minute and seems to run fine nnow.my concern is all the error codes are in one bank,

check the coil if coil is ok spark plug if there are ok may damage in emission valve or injectors code relate it to the problems are p0300 p0301 p0302 p0303 p0304 p0305 p0306 p0307 p0308

I have a 2004 LS V8

There all bad by now

Replace all the OEM Coils that are left

Misfire condition on cylinder 5 (P0305) and cylinder 8 (P0308). There is a good explanation of it here :
http://troubleshootmyvehicle.com/ford/4.6L-5.4L/how-to-diagnose-misfire-codes-1

Misfire could be a number of things:
a) spark plugs - change them if used over 15K miles - inspect/regap.
b) spark plug wires - change them if over 15K miles - inspect
c) ECM (electronic control module) - test with HEI (high energy ignition) tester.

The vibrating tells me that the engine is running on less than its normal compliment of cylinders - the shaking is produced by the imbalance caused in the engine by one (or more) cylinder(s)
not firing at all.

The "Check Engine" light probably is coming on due the the misfire condition. Go to Pep Boys or
Advance Auto Pats, where they'll tell you (free) your codes causing the "Check Engine' light to be
lit - the code coming from your truck's computer will probably be one or more of:
P0300 - Random/Multiple Cylinder misfire detected
P0301 - Cylinder 1 misfire detected
P0302 - Cylinder 2 misfire detected
P0303 - Cylinder 3 misfire detected
P0304 - Cylinder 4 misfire detected
P0305 - Cylinder 5 misfire detected
P0306 - Cylinder 6 misfire detected
P0307 - Cylinder 7 misfire detected
P0308 - Cylinder 8 misfire detected
P0313 - Misfire detected with low fuel

Misfire could be a number of things:
a) spark plugs - change them if used over 15K miles - inspect/regap.
b) spark plug wires - change them if over 15K miles - inspect
c) ECM (electronic control module) - test with HEI (high energy ignition) tester.

The shaking tells me that the engine is running on less than its normal compliment of cylinders - the shaking is produced by the imbalance caused in the engine by one (or more) cylinder(s)
not firing at all.

The "Check Engine" light probably is coming on due the the misfire condition. Go to Pep Boys or
Advance Auto Pats, where they'll tell you (free) your codes causing the "Check Engine' light to be
lit - the code coming from your truck's computer will probably be one or more of:
P0300 - Random/Multiple Cylinder misfire detected
P0301 - Cylinder 1 misfire detected
P0302 - Cylinder 2 misfire detected
P0303 - Cylinder 3 misfire detected
P0304 - Cylinder 4 misfire detected
P0305 - Cylinder 5 misfire detected
P0306 - Cylinder 6 misfire detected
P0307 - Cylinder 7 misfire detected
P0308 - Cylinder 8 misfire detected
P0313 - Misfire detected with low fuel

P1354VVT System Malfunction (Bank 2)

• P0300 Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
• P0301 Cylinder 1 Misfire Detected
• P0302 Cylinder 2 Misfire Detected
• P0303 Cylinder 3 Misfire Detected
• P0304 Cylinder 4 Misfire Detected
• P0305 Cylinder 5 Misfire Detected
• P0306 Cylinder 6 Misfire Detected
• P0307 Cylinder 7 Misfire Detected
• P0308 Cylinder 8 Misfire Detected

Probably bad plug wires. Start there and then disconnect the battery for 5 minutes reconnect and start engine to see which codes have cleared.

2004 Marauder and 2003-2004 Mustang vehicles built before 12/19/2004 equipped with 4.6L 4V/5.4 4V engine may exhibit a runs rough, lacks power, and engine misfire, prompted by a MIL light and DTC codes P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305, P0306, P0307, P0308, and P0316.
ACTION
Diagnose engine for engine misfire concern. If diagnostics determine an engine misfire which is characterized by leakage through exhaust valve(s), only replace the affected cylinder head(s).
SERVICE PROCEDURE FOR VEHICLES WITH RUNS ROUGH/MISFIRE CONDITION:
1. Perform relative compression check on all cylinders. If abnormal, check cylinder leakage and actual compression for "low" cylinders refer to Workshop Manual (WSM), Section 303-00.
2. If leakage/compression check indicates a valve train concern, per valve train diagnostics in WSM, Section 303-00, replace cylinder head and cam assembly, pipe plugs and timing chain tensioner, per procedure outlined in WSM, Section 303-01.
3. If cylinder leakage and compression tests are inconclusive, perform misfire diagnostic, per TSB 05-22-8.

So

P0301 Cylinder No. 1 Misfire Detected
P0302 Cylinder No. 2 Misfire Detected
P0303 Cylinder No. 3 Misfire Detected
P0304 Cylinder No. 4 Misfire Detected
P0305 Cylinder No. 5 Misfire Detected
P0306 Cylinder No. 6 Misfire Detected
P1346 Variable Valve Timing (VVT) Circuit Range/Performance Fault
P1349 Variable Valve Timing (VVT) System Malfunction
P0330 Knock Sensor
P0446 EVAP Vent Control Fault
P0430 Catalyst System

Stop driving immediately.....

You defiantly skipped on your timing........

The COPS (coils) may have shorted the drivers in the PCM (computer). You should get a misfire code for each cylinder misfiring though.

Slim possibility, but very expensive unless you have a service contract.
LINCOLN: 1999-2004 Navigator
2002-2003 Blackwood
2003-2005 Aviator MERCURY: 2003-2004 Marauder
ISSUE: Some 1999-2004 Navigator, 2002-2003 Blackwood, 2003-2005 Aviator, 2003-2004 Marauder and 2003-2004 Mustang vehicles built before 12/19/2004 equipped with 4.6L 4V/5.4 4V engine may exhibit a runs rough, lacks power, and engine misfire, prompted by a MIL light and DTC codes P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305, P0306, P0307, P0308, and P0316.
ACTION: Diagnose engine for engine misfire concern. If diagnostics determine an engine misfire which is characterized by leakage through exhaust valve(s), only replace the affected cylinder head(s).
SERVICE PROCEDURE FOR VEHICLES WITH RUNS ROUGH/MISFIRE CONDITION:

1. Perform relative compression check on all cylinders. If abnormal, check cylinder leakage and actual compression for "low" cylinders refer to Workshop Manual (WSM), Section 303-00.
2. If leakage/compression check indicates a valve train concern, per valve train diagnostics in WSM, Section 303-00, replace cylinder head and cam assembly, pipe plugs and timing chain tensioner, per procedure outlined in WSM, Section 303-01.
3. If cylinder leakage and compression tests are inconclusive, perform misfire diagnostic, per TSB 05-22-8. NOTE: DO NOT TRANSFER SPARK PLUGS. INSTALL NEW SPARK PLUGS IN REPLACEMENT CYLINDER HEAD AND CAM ASSEMBLY. NOTE: THE ENGINE MISFIRE CONCERN IS TYPICALLY EXHIBITED ON THE LEFT HAND CYLINDER HEAD AND RARELY ON THE RIGHT HAND CYLINDER HEAD. UNLESS CONFIRMED, THE RIGHT HAND CYLINDER HEAD SHOULD NOT BE REPLACED AS AN "EXTRA MEASURE" SERVICE PRECAUTION. NOTE: THE REPLACEMENT CYLINDER HEAD WILL NOT IMPROVE OR REDUCE ENGINE HORSEPOWER OR TORQUE ABOVE ADVERTISED LEVELS.
   

Sounds like MAF(Mass Airflow Sensor).