P0351 code loss of power 2.3L08ford ranger,it warms slow and really need to eliminate1~voltage regulator is where?) & 2~ ground through PCM) 3~knowing limits&threashholds{sensorsIGNcircuit}?Ty 0$

Assuming you know how to test automotive electrical circuit's ,test main power (battery + voltage ) & negative grounds ? Voltage drop test PCM power an grounds . check battery voltage , charging (alternator ) system .
Charging System Problem Voltage Drops
Electric Testing Techniques You Need to Know

http://www.bbbind.com/free-tsb


Mastering Voltage Drop Testing with Pete Meier and Jerry Truglia

PCM power and ground testing avi

Test it for what ? Check engine light on ? Vehicle won't start ? There are videos on youtube ! You would need to know basic electrical testing procedures . You would need wiring diagrams that show what all the wires are for . And realize that beside the main B+ voltage supply's and chassis grounds there are sensor power and grounds which only have a 5 volt reference voltage. You wouldn't won't to short a wrong circuit frying the computer . ECM Inputs and Outputs Diagnosis

Could be the alternator , you can have it checked free at most auto part stores . Have them check for DTC'S diagnostic trouble codes as well . The charging system is controlled by the PCM - engine computer , if it see's a problem it will set a DTC and have the insturment cluster turn on the battery light. Plus the way the radio is acting ,it's loosing power .
DTC B1327
The body control module (BCM) determines battery positive voltage through the 10A Cluster/BCM fuse input. The BCM then sends a class 2 serial data message containing the measured battery voltage value. The vehicle control interface module (VCIM/OnStar®) module monitors this class 2 message to determine vehicle voltage.
DTC P0560
The PCM monitors the system voltage to make sure that the voltage stays within the proper range. Damage to components, and incorrect data input can occur when the voltage is out of range. The PCM monitors the system voltage over an extended length of time. If the PCM detects a system voltage outside an expected range for the calibrated length of time, DTC P0560 will set.
DTC P0620
The powertrain control module (PCM) uses the generator turn on signal circuit to control the generator. A high side driver within the PCM allows the PCM to turn the generator ON and OFF. When Generator operation is desired, the PCM sends a 5 volt signal to the voltage regulator via the generator turn on signal circuit. This causes the voltage regulator to begin controlling the generator field circuit. Once the Generator is enabled by the PCM, the voltage regulator controls generator output independently of the PCM by monitoring the battery positive voltage sense circuit. Under certain operating conditions, the PCM can turn Off the generator by turning OFF the 5 volt signal on the generator turn on signal circuit. The PCM has fault detection circuitry which monitors the state of the generator turn on signal circuit. If the fault detection circuit senses a voltage other than what is expected, this DTC will set. The voltage regulator also contains fault detection circuitry. If the regulator detects a problem, the regulator will ground the generator turn on signal circuit, pulling the voltage low. This also causes the PCM to set the DTC.
When this DTC sets, the PCM sends a class 2 serial data message to the IPC illuminating the Charge indicator lamp.

Or it may be more wise to have a qualified repair shop check it out .

P0420 means that the catalytic converter has an oxygen sensor in front and behind it. When the vehicle is warm and running in closed loop mode, the upstream oxygen sensor waveform reading should fluctuate. The downstream O2 sensor reading should be fairly steady. Typically the P0420 code triggers the Check Engine Light if the readings of the two sensors are similar.


This is indicative of (among other things) a converter that is not working as efficiently as it should be (according to specs). It is part of the vehicle emissions system.


Code P0351 could means thet the COP (Coil On Plug) ignition system is what is used on most modern engines. There is an individual coil for each cylinder that is controlled by the PCM (powertrain control module). It eliminates the need for spark plug wires by putting the coil right above the sparkplug. Two wires are dedicated to each coil. One is a battery feed usually from the power distribution center. The other wire is the coil driver circuit from the PCM. The PCM grounds/ungrounds this circuit to activate or deactivate the coil. The coil driver circuit is monitored by the PCM for faults.

If an open or a short is detected in the driver circuit for coil number 1, a P0351 may set. Also, depending on the vehicle, the PCM may also shut down the fuel injector to the cylinder also.

Hope this helps; also keep in mind that your feedback is important and I`ll appreciate your time and consideration if you leave some testimonial comment about this answer.

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Hi there:

P0351 Ignition Coil A Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
and
P0352 Ignition Coil B Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction

and
P0354 Ignition Coil D Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction


Work for all coil codes. The COP (coil on plug) ignition system is what is used on most modern engines. There is an individual coil for each cylinder that is controlled by the PCM (powertrain control module). It eliminates the need for spark plug wires by putting the coil right above the sparkplug. Two wires are dedicated to each coil. One is a battery feed usually from the power distribution center. The other wire is the coil driver circuit from the PCM. The PCM grounds/ungrounds this circuit to activate or deactivate the coil. The coil driver circuit is monitored by the PCM for faults



If an open or a short is detected in the driver circuit for coil number 1, a P0351 may set. Also, depending on the vehicle, the PCM may also shut down the fuel injector to the cylinder also.


Symptoms of a P0351 P0352 and P0354 DTC may include:
MIL (Malfunction indicator lamp) illumination
Engine misfire may be present or intermittent

Potential causes of a P0351 , P0352 and P0354 code include:
Short to voltage or ground on COP driver circuit
Open on COP driver circuit
Loose connection at coil or broken connector locks
Bad Coil (COP)
Faulty Powertrain Control Module


Possible Solutions:
Is the engine misfiring presently? If not, the problem is likely intermittent. Try wiggle testing the wiring at the #1 coil and along the wiring harness to the PCM. If manipulating the wiring causes the misfire to surface, repair the wiring problem. Check for poor connection at the coil connector. Verify the harness isn't misrouted or chafing on anything. Repair as necessary


If the engine is misfiring presently, stop the engine and disconnect the #1 coil wiring connector. Then start the engine and check for a driver signal to the #1 coil or #2. Using a scope will give you a visual pattern to observe, but since most people don't have access to one there's an easier way. Use a Voltmeter in AC Hertz scale and see if there's a Hz reading of between 5 and 20 or so that indicates the driver is working. If there is a Hertz signal, then replace the #1 ignition coil. It's likely bad. If you don't detect any frequency signal from the PCM on the ignition coil driver circuit indicating the PCM is grounding/ungrounding the circuit (or there is no visible pattern on the scope if you have one) then leave the coil disconnected and check for DC voltage on the driver circuit at the ignition coil connector. If there is any significant voltage on that wire then there is a short to voltage somewhere. Find the short and repair it.


If there is no voltage on the driver circuit, then turn the ignition off. Disconnect the PCM connector and check the continuity of the driver between the PCM and the coil. If there is no continuity repair the open or short to ground in the circuit. If continuity is present, then check for resistance between ground and the ignition coil connector. There should be infinite resistance. If there isn't, repair the short to ground in the coil driver circuit


NOTE: If the ignition coil driver signal wire is not open or shorted to voltage or ground and there is no trigger signal to the coil then suspect a faulty PCM coil driver. Also keep in mind that if the PCM driver is at fault, there may be a wiring problem that caused the PCM failure. It's a good idea to do the above check after PCM replacement to verify there won't be a repeat failure. If you find that the engine isn't misfiring, the coil is being triggered properly but P0351 is continually being reset, there is the possibility that the PCM coil monitoring system may be faulty.


Hope this helps; also keep in mind that your feedback is important and I`ll appreciate your time and consideration if you leave some testimonial comment about this answer.

Thank you for using FixYa, have a nice day.

Hi there:
DTC P0300 - RandomMultiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
Basically this means that the the car's computer has detected that not all of the engine's cylinders are firing properly.

A P0300 diagnostic code indicates a random or multiple misfire. If the last digit is a number other than zero, it corresponds to the cylinder number that is misfiring. A P0302 code, for example, would tell you cylinder number two is misfiring. Unfortunately, a P0300 doesn't tell you specifically which cylinder(s) is/are mis-firing, nor why.

Symptoms may include:
the engine may be harder to start
the engine may stumble / stumble, and/or hesitate
other symptoms may also be present


A code P0300 may mean that one or more of the following has happened:
Faulty spark plugs or wires
Faulty coil (pack)
Faulty oxygen sensor(s)
Faulty fuel injector(s)
Burned exhaust valve
Faulty catalytic converter(s)
Stuck/blocked EGR valve / passages
Faulty camshaft position sensor
Defective computer

Possible Solutions:
If there are no symptoms, the simplest thing to do is to reset the code and see if it comes back.

If there are symptoms such as the engine is stumbling or hesitating, check all wiring and connectors that lead to the cylinders (i.e. spark plugs). Depending on how long the ignition components have been in the car, it may be a good idea to replace them as part of your regular maintenance schedule. I would suggest spark plugs, spark plug wires, distributor cap, and rotor (if applicable). Otherwise, check the coils (a.k.a. coil packs). In some cases, the catalytic converter has gone bad. If you smell rotten eggs in the exhaust, your cat converter needs to be replaced. I've also heard in other cases the problems were faulty fuel injectors.

Random misfires that jump around from one cylinder to another (read: P030x codes) also will set a P0300 code. The underlying cause is often a lean fuel condition, which may be due to a vacuum leak in the intake manifold or unmetered air getting past the airflow sensor, or an EGR valve that is stuck open.


DTC P0351 - Ignition Coil A Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
The COP (coil on plug) ignition system is what is used on most modern engines. There is an individual coil for each cylinder that is controlled by the PCM (powertrain control module). It eliminates the need for spark plug wires by putting the coil right above the sparkplug. Two wires are dedicated to each coil. One is a battery feed usually from the power distribution center. The other wire is the coil driver circuit from the PCM. The PCM grounds/ungrounds this circuit to activate or deactivate the coil. The coil driver circuit is monitored by the PCM for faults

If an open or a short is detected in the driver circuit for coil number 1, a P0351 may set. Also, depending on the vehicle, the PCM may also shut down the fuel injector to the cylinder also.


Symptoms of a P0351 DTC may include:
MIL (Malfunction indicator lamp) illumination
Engine misfire may be present or intermittent


Potential causes of a P0351 code include:
Short to voltage or ground on COP driver circuit
Open on COP driver circuit
Loose connection at coil or broken connector locks
Bad Coil (COP)
Faulty Powertrain Control Module

Possible Solutions:
Is the engine misfiring presently? If not, the problem is likely intermittent. Try wiggle testing the wiring at the #1 coil and along the wiring harness to the PCM. If manipulating the wiring causes the misfire to surface, repair the wiring problem. Check for poor connection at the coil connector. Verify the harness isn't misrouted or chafing on anything. Repair as necessary

If the engine is misfiring presently, stop the engine and disconnect the #1 coil wiring connector. Then start the engine and check for a driver signal to the #1 coil. Using a scope will give you a visual pattern to observe, but since most people don't have access to one there's an easier way. Use a Voltmeter in AC Hertz scale and see if there's a Hz reading of between 5 and 20 or so that indicates the driver is working. If there is a Hertz signal, then replace the #1 ignition coil. It's likely bad. If you don't detect any frequency signal from the PCM on the ignition coil driver circuit indicating the PCM is grounding/ungrounding the circuit (or there is no visible pattern on the scope if you have one) then leave the coil disconnected and check for DC voltage on the driver circuit at the ignition coil connector. If there is any significant voltage on that wire then there is a short to voltage somewhere. Find the short and repair it.

If there is no voltage on the driver circuit, then turn the ignition off. Disconnect the PCM connector and check the continuity of the driver between the PCM and the coil. If there is no continuity repair the open or short to ground in the circuit. If continuity is present, then check for resistance between ground and the ignition coil connector. There should be infinite resistance. If there isn't, repair the short to ground in the coil driver circuit

NOTE: If the ignition coil driver signal wire is not open or shorted to voltage or ground and there is no trigger signal to the coil then suspect a faulty PCM coil driver. Also keep in mind that if the PCM driver is at fault, there may be a wiring problem that caused the PCM failure. It's a good idea to do the above check after PCM replacement to verify there won't be a repeat failure. If you find that the engine isn't misfiring, the coil is being triggered properly but P0351 is continually being reset, there is the possibility that the PCM coil monitoring system may be faulty.


Hope this helps; also keep in mind that your feedback is important and I`ll appreciate your time and consideration if you leave some testimonial comment about this answer.

Thank you for using FixYa, have a nice day.

P0351 is Ignition Coil A Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction.
Possible causes: - Open or short in the ignition coil circuit - Ignition coil circuit shorted to ground - Ignition coil connector - Damaged ignition coil - Damaged PCM or
Possible solution - If damage, repair ignition coil circuit - Replaced ignition coil - Replaced PCM or ECM When is the code detected? The test fails when the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) or Electronic Control Module(ECM) does not receive a valid pulse signal from the ignition coil.
P0351 Description: The ignition signal from the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) or Electronic Control Module(ECM) is sent to and amplified by the power transistor. The power transistor turns ON and OFF the ignition coil primary circuit. This ON/OFF operation induces the proper high voltage in the coil secondary circuit.
Hope this helps :)

P1391 - Not a valid obd code.
B1391 - Oil Level Switch Circuit Failure
C1391 - Not a valid obd code.
U1391 - Not a valid obd code.
Its possible you may have misread this code. If it is B1391 that would be the only code with 1391 for your vehicle.

P0351 - Ignition Coil A Primary / Secondary Circuit Malfunction. The ignition signal from the Powertrain Control Module or Electronic Control Module is sent to and amplified by the power transistor. The power transistor turns ON and OFF the ignition coil primary circuit. This ON/OFF operation induces the proper high voltage in the coil secondary circuit.

Possible Causes:
- Open or short in the ignition coil circuit
- Ignition coil circuit shorted to ground
- Ignition coil connector
- Damaged ignition coil
- Damaged PCM

P0352 - Ignition Coil B Primary / Secondary Circuit Malfunction.
Same repair info as P0351.

P0353 - Ignition Coil C Primary / Secondary Circuit Malfunction.
Same repair info as P0351



Solutions:
- If damage, repair ignition coil circuit
- Replaced ignition coil
- Replaced PCM or ECM

1. Disconnect the voltage regulator connection at the alternator assembly and start the engine to see if it runs better or not and to see if the same coil-on-plug (COP) unit codes reset.

2. If the engine operation is good unless the voltage regulator connection is plugged in, it suggests a diode failure of the alternator assembly creating electrical noise.

3. If the engine operation is not any different with the voltage regulator connection unplugged, check the COP unit circuits at the PCM for battery voltage with the ignition switch in the run position and the COP's connected. Perform a wiggle test of the circuits and harness to verify that battery voltage to the PCM cannot be interrupted indicating a PCM failure.
COP 1 is controlled by a Light Green/White (LG/WH) wire at pin 1 of the C175e connector.
COP 2 is controlled by a Pink/White (PK/WH) wire at pin 12 of the C175e connector.
COP 3 is controlled by a White/Pink (WH/PK) wire at pin 24 of the C175e connector.
COP 4 is controlled by a Dark Green/Violet (DG/VT) wire at pin 35 of the C175e connector.
COP 5 is controlled by a Light Green/Yellow (LG/YE) wire at pin 36 of the C175e connector.
COP 6 is controlled by a Orange/Yellow (OG/YE) wire at pin 22 of the C175e connector. 1. There have been a lot of problems with the coil circuit wires breaking inside their insulation near the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector, usually within 2" of the PCM. Wiggle test the wiring harness, starting from the PCM and working toward the coil. 1. Verify battery power is present and consistent on the Red (RD) wire of multiple Coil-On-Plug (COP) unit connections.

2. If the battery power supply to the COPs is good, disconnect and inspect the C133 engine harness connector at the top of the engine for a possible connection issue. This connector is a grey 16-terminal connector. It may be behind the rear side of the intake plenum. Service the connection as necessary.

3. Disconnect the PCM connection and inspect the COP unit primary circuits and terminals at the C175E connection. Service the connection as necessary.

4. If the circuits and connections all appear to be in good condition, replace the PCM. Replacement of the PCM will require a programming function to be performed using the Ford scan tool for Passive Anti-theft System (PATS) functions and the PCM is an 8 year/80,000 mile (7/70 for CA state emissions) warranty item.

Trouble Code: P0139
O2 (B1 S2) Slow Response
Trouble Code Conditions:Engine started; vehicle driven at 20-55 mph with the throttle open for 2 minutes; ECT at more than 158ºF (70C); catalytic converter temperature is more than 1112F (600C); and EVAP purge is active. O2 Sensor signal voltage switches less than 16 times from lean to rich within 20 seconds during monitoring, or will compare the state of change between the front and rear O2 Sensors and if the differences are greater than a calibrated amount, the DTC will set. 3 good trips are required to turn off the MIL.
Possible Causes:

• Exhaust leak
• O2 element is contaminated, deteriorated or it has failed
• O2 signal circuit or return circuit has failed

Trouble Code: P0344
Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit Intermittent
Trouble Code Conditions:Engine cranking or running; system voltage over 10.5v. The PCM detected an intermittent loss of the CMP Sensor signal during the period of 2.5 complete engine revolutions. The failure counter must reach 20 before this code matures and a code is set.
Possible Causes:

• Wiring harness fault
• 5v supply circuit open or shorted to ground
• Tone wheel/pulse ring is damaged or corroded
• CMP Sensor has failed
• CMP Sensor signal circuit is open, shorted to ground or battery voltage or 5v supply
• CMP Sensor ground circuit is open
• PCM has failed
• Trouble Code: P0340
  No Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit Failure
  Trouble Code Conditions:Engine cranking or running, system voltage over 10v. The PCM detected CKP pulses without detecting any CMP Sensor pulses for 5 seconds or 2.5 engine revolutions.
  Possible Causes:
  
• CMP Sensor connector is damaged, open or it is shorted
• CMP Sensor signal circuit is open or shorted to ground or to battery voltage or 5v supply circuit
• CMP Sensor 5v supply circuit is open or shorted to ground or to battery voltage
• CMP Sensor ground circuit is open
• CMP Sensor is damaged or has failed
• CKP Sensor is damaged or has failed
• PCM has failed

Good luck....