My saturn keeps overheating but nothing wrong with the thermostat- Is there a switch, or relay switch that is causing this problem with the cooling fan? The fan is running, but it isn't triggered by the thermostat.

limited info generic answer https://a-ztechautomotive.com/what-are-the-10-common-causes-of-car-overheating/

Water pump bad

need more information any check engine light //does it restart intermediately-- no start --no crank --overheating ---check key if loose in ignition can cause shut off ignition switch can be worn or damaged --fuel pump -fuel relay going bad --overheating --egr valve carbonning up---tune up -these are the usual's

The more you drive it during the overheating the more damage you will do to the car. Running out of gas wil not cause overheating. Wrong type of antifreeze/coolant will not cause it to overheat either. Wrong coolant/antifreeze may cause corrosion over time to some engines. When you notice it getting hot, stop as soon as you can safely. You may have a problem with the thermostat, coolant leak, bad head gasket, bad water pump, bad fan or fan relay or fan thermal switch, clogged radiator, leaky radiator. I would have to know more about the syptoms to give more insight.

A faulty Intake Air Temperature sensor would not cause overheating. Have your cooling fans, fan relay, thermostat, and cooling fan switch checked. These are possible causes and are known to cause this problem on these models.

You might have changed the wrong sensor. There are two. The cooling fan sensor will be closer to the radiator, either plugged into the radiator or the thermostat housing. One sensor is for the temp gauge and the other is for the cooling fan, good luck.

The most probable cause of both problems is with the replacement heads. As far as knocking goes, hard to diagnose from here - usual causes are a noisy hydraulic lifter (which, if severe, should be replaced) or a failing piston bearing or incorrect head/head gasket (piston banging on head which is very serious). Also, if the head gaskets were incorrectly installed or the wrong heads were used, you could have blocked some of the cooling water ports.

Overheating can also be caused by a blocked radiator - the system circulates the cooling water into the bottom of the radiator and the water cools as it circulated up to the top and back to the engine. A quick way to check when overheating is to CAREFULLY see if there is a hot-to-cooler temperature gradient in the radiator from bottom to top.

first check ur entire wiring of your vehicle then check the voltage of the fan was co related with the vehicle s voltage

The cooling fan circuit is composed of basically 3 components. The fan, fan relay, and a cooling fan switch. If you are sure the relay and fan are ok, it is probably the switch. It is located on the top of the engine block very near the upper radiator hose connector, close to the thermostat housing. A car parts store can tell you where it is located. NOTE: There is more than 1. If you have a temp. guage, there is a sender that operates the guage. Also, there is 1 that sends information to the computer. So, make sure you ask for the cooling fan switch when you talk to the parts store people.

it should be right next to the thermostat housing.

try applying 12 volts directly to the motor.