This is the foot that comes down and holds the fabric layers under the needle.
There will be a pressure foot lever to raise and lower the pressure foot at the back of the sewing area, it usually operates vertically, although some makes have a lever that works horizontally.
The pressure foot needs to be lowered BEFORE you start stitching as it activates the top tension and also helps with the stitch formation by holding the fabric firmly as the needle moves up and down.
You can read some general sewing machine info at www.sewing.about.com too.
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