You need to hook this up to an antenna. If you are putting it in a car, you need a mobile antenna, if in a house, you need a base antenna. The antenna needs to be tuned for best SWR or you will damage the radio.
Starting from the left of the radio.
Knob 1. Volume/ squelch. The little knob does the volume of what you hear. Big knob squelches out static noise.
knob 2. Dynamike. This is the volume of your voice transmitted. Its how loud people hear you.
Knob 3. RF gain. This is the receive sensitivity. The higher you turn this, the further you can hear. There is almost no reason for you to have this anywhere but full.
knob 4. Delta Tune. This knob should be in the center. If you encounter some one transmitting off frequency, you can move your receive up and down frequency so you can tune that person in. It does not effect your transmit frequency.
Knob 5. CAL. This is to calibrate the meter for taking an SWR reading off the antenna.
Switches starting form the left.
Switch 1. Meter switch. S/RF - will show on the meter, Your signal going out when transmitting, and the signal coming in while receiving. SWR - will show on the meter, your SWR on that channel after you have calibrated the meter. CAL - This is used to calibrate the meter in conjunction with the CAL knob.
Switch 2. ANL - Automatic noise limiter. - This gets rid of electrical interference noise from the vehicle, or other interference sources. ANL/NB - This is the same as ANL, but with NB "noise blanker" This function blanks louder noises that may make it hard to hear people. It's kind of like an automatic squelch, but not nearly as effective as the actual squelch. Also, NB will lessen your receive in that, really low signals will be blanked out.
Switch 3. CB - the radio is in CB mode. This is the normal operation mode of the radio. You can transmit and receive as normal. PA "Public Address" - If you hook a PA speaker to the PA jack in the back, you can mount the speaker on the out side of the vehicle, and talk over it (Its loud). Also, anything you receive over the radio when not holding the mic key, will come over the PA speaker. This is useful when you are not in the vehicle, and need to hear when some one comes on the radio.
Switch 4. BRT and DIM - this is the brightness of the meter light and channel display. BRT stands for bright.
Switch 5. Normal and CH 9, When the switch is in the normal position, everything is normal, but when you flip it up to CH 9 it instantly puts you one channel 9 with out having to turn the dial. CH 9 is the international emergency channel. So it lets you go to Channel 9 quick. when you put it back to normal it will put you on the channel you were on.
Meter explanation. - You have 3 horizontal lines on the meter. the top line is your SWR (only when in SWR mode on the switch. The next one down is you Signal going out. And the bottom one is your signal coming in, in DB's. ***Also noted that part of the SWR line has a CAL )calibration mark. When you have the switch in CAL, and key the mic, you turn the CAL knob up until the needle is at CAL triangle, and then put the radio on SWR and key it. where the needle falls, on the top line is your SWR. If it is in the red your antenna is not tuned, and you can damage your radio.
HERE IS HOW TO TUNE YOUR ANTENN:
It is important to tune your CB radio antenna to the proper length. The length must exactly match the wavelength of the frequency you transmit on. Or be really really close.
All Cb antenna's have a way to adjust the length of the antenna. If it's a mag mount, the metal whip can be slid in and out of a metal collar. Usually a set screw. If its a fiberglass whip, the way to tune it is on top. It either has a small metal rod with a set screw to adjust the length, or it threads in and out to adjust length.
Either type you have it will need to be adjusted for proper length. Here is how to tune the antenna to lowest SWR.
Some radios have a built in SWR meter. Some do not. If yours doesn't have an SWR meter, then you have to use an external SWR meter. Radio shack carries one, and you can find them cheap on ebay.
If you have a built in SWR meter or external, the procedure is the same:
1. Turn the radio to CH 20.(This is the center of the band.)
2. Switch the meter switch to CAL. (CAL stand for calibrate.
3. Key the radio. (Important. Do not talk while keying the radio.)
4. turn the CAL knob up until the meter hits the CAL mark.
5. Now while still keying the radio flip the meter switch to SWR.
Where the meter falls after that point is you SWR reading. If its above 3, that is real bad. 2 is not gonna kill your radio but its not the greatest. 1.5 and under is a good place to be, but the lower the better.
If your SWR is high, Here is how to find out if your antenna is too long or too short.
1. Turn to CH 1
2. Repeat SWR procedure. You must calibrate every time you do it.
3. Remember the SWR reading.
4. Turn to CH 40.
5. Again repeat SWR procedure.
6. Compare the reading between CH 1 and CH 40.
Now if the SWR is higher on channel 1 then channel 40 your antenna is too short. You must make it longer.
If the SWR is longer on channel 40 then on channel 1, then the antenna is too long, you need to make it shorter.
Make height adjustments about an eight inch at a time, and take reading each time.
once the SWR is significantly lower and the reading on channel 1 and 40 are about the same, you a about matched. At this point turn the radio to the center of the band, channel 20 and take an SWR reading.
You should now have a low SWR reading, 1.5 or under. If you are 1.5 or under, you are good to go.
If you cannot get the SWR to an appropriate level, there may be an antenna problem.
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