Depends on what is wrong with the motherboard.
Capacitors? (Radial Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor)
These are replaced by hand if you have good de-soldering, and soldering skills.
Visual signs of capacitor failure,
http://www.capacitorlab.com/visible-failures/
Identifying electrolytic capacitors used on motherboards,
http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/article/How-to-Identify-Japanese-Electrolytic-Capacitors/595
One place to buy them,
http://www.mouser.com/Passive-Components/Capacitors/Aluminum-Electrolytic-Capacitors/Aluminum-Electrolytic-Capacitors-Leaded/_/N-75hqw?Keyword=radial+aluminum+electrolytic+capacitor&FS=True
As for replacement of the motherboard chipset, (Northbridge and Southbridge), plus the GPU chipset, a Reflow Machine is used.
Example of a BGA Rework Station, (A type of Reflow machine)
http://www.bga-rework.us/
[GPU = Graphics Processing Unit,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPU
When a GPU chipset is soldered directly to the motherboard, it is Integrated Graphics.
Another name for Integrated Graphics is OnBoard Graphics.
ON the motherBOARD.
A GPU chipset can also be soldered to a graphics adapter card.
Graphics Card, or Video Card.
The three major manufacturers of GPU's are Intel, AMD ATI, and Nvidia.
Motherboard diagram showing the Northbridge and Southbridge chipset's, in relation to the other components used on the motherboard,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Motherboard_diagram.svg
The three major manufacturers of motherboard chipsets are Intel, AMD, and VIA.
{Chip and Chipset are slang terms for I.C.
Integrated Circuit }
If the above is not what you had in mind, please post in a Comment.
Regards,
joecoolvette
CPU = Central Processing Unit. Another name is Microprocessor, or Processor for short.
Bad capacitors have been a leading failing component on motherboards for YEARS. Due to an espionage attempt years ago, which lead to 1000's of bad capacitors being manufactured. Check the average cost of a Radial Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor, and tell me that's Expensive!
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Unfortunately there is no machine that to can connect your motherboard to that will repair it for you.
PC repair technicians can perform tests to determine if your motherboard is good or not. If they determine that the motherboard has failed they will reccommend that you buy a replacement motherboard as the cost of repairing motherboards with their micro-mini components would be excessive.
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