What makes the speed odometer work improperly?

The speedometer gauge is controlled by information sent over the class 2 data bus from the PCM/ECM - engine computer . There is a VSS - vehicle speed sensor mounted on the transmission , this VSS is a input to the engine computer .
Speedometer
The IPC displays the vehicle speed based on the vehicle speed signal from the PCM. The IPC- instrument panel cluster receives the vehicle speed signal via a discreet wire. The IPC uses the vehicle speed signal circuit (4000 pulses/mile) from the PCM in order to calculate the vehicle speed. The speedometer defaults to 0 km/h (0 mph) if a malfunction in the vehicle speed signal circuit (4000 pulses/mile) exists.
Is the whole instrument cluster dead ?
Fuel Gauge
The IPC displays the fuel level as determined by the PCM. The IPC receives a class 2 message from the PCM indicating the fuel level percent. The fuel gauge defaults to empty if:
• The PCM detects a malfunction in the fuel level sensor circuit.
• The IPC detects a loss of class 2 communications with the PCM.
When the fuel level is less than a pre-determined value, the low fuel indicator illuminates.
Reviewing the fuel system description will further explain how the system functions. Refer to:
• Fuel System Description in Engine Controls - 4.3 L
• Fuel System Description in Engine Controls - 4.8 L, 5.3 L and 6.0 L
• Fuel System Description in Engine Controls - 6.6 L
• Fuel System Description in Engine Controls - 8.1 L
Hourmeter
The IPC can display the accumulated engine run time hours using the VF display when the cluster is in the LOCK or ACC position. The IPC stores the accumulated engine run time hours in a non-volatile format. The accumulated hours will not change if the battery was disconnected or removed. When the ignition is OFF and the trip reset switch is pushed in and held for more than 4 seconds, the IPC will display the accumulated hours for 30 seconds. The hourmeter will reset to 0.0 when 10,000 hours are accumulated.
Odometer
The IPC contains a season odometer and a trip odometer. Momentarily press the trip/reset switch on the IPC in order to toggle between the season odometer and the trip odometer. Press the trip/reset switch for greater than 2 seconds, while the trip odometer is displayed, in order to reset the trip odometer. The IPC displays the vehicle mileage and trip mileage as determined by the IPC. The IPC calculates the mileage based on the vehicle speed signal circuit from the PCM. The odometer will display 'error' if an internal IPC memory failure is detected. The odometer can be configured to display either miles or kilometers.
PRNDL Display
The IPC displays the selected gear position as determined by the PCM. The IPC receives a class 2 message from the PCM indicating the gear position. The PRNDL display blanks if:
• The PCM detects a malfunction in the transmission range switch circuit.
• The IPC receives a class 2 message indicating the park position and the column park switch indicates a position other than park (open input).
• The IPC detects a loss of class 2 communications with the PCM.
GM had problems with stepper motors that control the needle position .
Your best bet buy a used instrument cluster from the auto slavage yard .

That's why you don't let you husband work on your car ! Unless he does it for a living .. For MPH there is a VSS - vehicle speed sensor , for the gas there is a sending unit in the fuel tank, for the temp. gauge there is a temp. sensor located in coolant stream on the engine .You more then likely need to have you instrument cluster repaired . GM had a problem with step motors inside the instrument cluster . A step motor is what controls the individual gauge. The sensors are all inputs to the PCM - powertrain control module (engine computer ) .
Engine Coolant Temperature Gage
The IPC displays the engine coolant temperature as determined by the PCM. The IPC receives a class 2 message from the PCM indicating the engine coolant temperature. The engine coolant temperature gage defaults to C or below if:
?€¢
The PCM detects a malfunction in the engine coolant temperature sensor circuit.

?€¢
The IPC detects a loss of class 2 communications with the PCM.

Fuel Gage
The IPC displays the fuel level as determined by the PCM. The IPC receives a class 2 message from the PCM indicating the fuel level percent. The fuel gage defaults to empty if:
?€¢
The PCM detects a malfunction in the fuel level sensor circuit.

?€¢
The IPC detects a loss of class 2 communications with the PCM.

When the fuel level is less than 14% (84ohms), the low fuel indicator illuminates.
Odometer
The IPC contains a season odometer and a trip odometer. Momentarily press the trip select/reset switch in order to toggle between the season odometer and the trip odometer. Press the trip select/reset switch for greater than 1.5 seconds, while the trip odometer is displayed, in order to reset the trip odometer. The IPC displays the vehicle mileage and trip mileage as determined by the IPC. The IPC calculates the mileage based on the vehicle speed information from the PCM. The odometer will display 'error' if an internal IPC memory failure is detected.
PRNDL Display
The IPC displays the selected gear position as determined by the PCM. The IPC receives a class 2 message from the PCM indicating the gear position. The PRNDL display shall flash all gear positions if:
?€¢
The PCM detects a malfunction in the transmission range switch circuit.

?€¢
The IPC detects a loss of class 2 communications with the PCM.

Speedometer
The IPC displays the vehicle speed based on the information from the PCM. The PCM converts the data from the vehicle speed sensor to a 4000 pulses per mile signal. The IPC uses the vehicle speed signal circuit from the PCM in order to calculate the vehicle speed. The speedometer defaults to 0 mph (0 kph) if a malfunction in the vehicle speed sensor circuit exists.
Tachometer
The IPC displays the engine speed as determined by the PCM. The IPC receives a class 2 message from the PCM indicating the engine speed. The tachometer will default to 0 rpm if:
?€¢
The PCM detects a malfunction in the engine speed sensor circuit.

?€¢
The IPC detects a loss of class 2 communications with the PCM.

2007 Nissan Maxima Service Repair Workshop Manual INSTANT DOWNLOAD


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Check for Blown Gauges fuse--If Blows Replacement Fuse--Correct Radio Wiring Causing SHORT

if it is old style old car speedomerter cable needs lub if new car need to go to transmission and replace sensor for speed meter

Check the wiring to the vehicle speed sensor.The wire harness is right near were they worked on the fuel tank,at the rear of the trans.

My gas guage, speed odometer and tempiture does not work
The speed odometre is reading 9999999 what should i do

You may have a couple separate concerns. The fuel gauge if it is on empty may have a hole in the float. The speedometer odometer and trip meter is probably a broken gear in the speedo assembly. If the speedometer itself works it is getting a signal from the speed sensor.

if your speedo isnt working the odometer wont work,if its a manual gearbox it sits just ontop of the diff this can sometimes affect the fuel gauge aswell........