There are two fuses, a circuit breaker, and safety relay. This unit requires brake ON (transmission neutral) and PTO OFF to engergize the safety relay and allow engine crank/run. I don't believe it needs operator in seat. Cycle the PTO switch and brake and try to start.
If you turn the ignition switch to the run position and turn the PTO on the off you should here the clutch engage/disengage. If not then check fuses and PTO switch.
I did not find a free schematic download for the 180/185 so can't get into to much detail.
When you turn the ignition switch from off to the run position the safety relay should energize, which you should be able to hear. If the safety relay is not energized it will not crank/run.
180 manual: https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/uhsejmkmjksemmd/john-deere-180-lawn-garden-tractor-service-repair-manual-80236969
Check fuses and safety switches
SOURCE: I have a John deere 317 tractor that does not start.
We will be testing for voltage to the points, coil, engine to tractor wiring harness, ignition switch
Tools needed:
volt meter to read 12 volts, or test light
1) with the points open: is there voltage at the connection wire at the points
If yes; adjust points to .020" and try to crank engine and check for spark
*** you may want to determine if condensor is connected to this wire also
if no
2) check point side (neg or - ) of coil for voltage
if yes, engine should start
if no
3) check for voltage at the + side of coil
If yes, coil is bad
if no
4) check wire connector from engine to frame wiring harness
if yes; engine should start
if no
5) check wiring on the back of ignition switch
if yes; engine should start
if no
6) check that ignition switch RED or BATTERY supply wire has voltage
if yes; switch is bad
if no
7) check supply wire and circuit breaker connected to the battery side of the solenoid
if yes; engine should start
if no; circuit breaker could be at fault or wire connector at battery supply
I’m happy to assist further over the phone at https://www.6ya.com/expert/rolandw_c013176d62ee17ae
SOURCE: John Deere 425 AWS no start, no nothing???
If engine cranks over and have no spark try a time delay module located under thermostat housing.
SOURCE: john deere 425 lawn tractor. it wont start but it
My John Deere did the same thing. Turned out to be the emergency brake sensor.
SOURCE: john deere lane rider la135 wont start.
You don't mention if they are on and are bright or are week. Do they dim when trying to cranks the motor? I would start with checking the ground wire at the battery and where it connects to the frame. Make sure both are clean. From there, have the battery tested and then the starter.
SOURCE: Have John Deere 165 riding mower. Strong crank,
Has it been outside? May be water in the fuel.
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