Have a juki tension top and bottom loose,top tension mechanism tight what do i do?

1. Needle: The needle may not be installed correctly, or it may be damaged. A bent or dull needle can cause thread tangling and result in the beginning of the top thread getting sewn into the bottom stitches.
2. Threading: The threading could be incorrect, or the thread tension may be too tight or too loose. Check the threading and make sure it's correct, and adjust the tension as needed.
3. Bobbin: The bobbin may not be inserted correctly, or the bobbin case may not be installed properly. Make sure the bobbin is inserted correctly and the bobbin case is properly installed.
4. Needle Plate: The needle plate may be damaged or not properly aligned. Check the needle plate and make sure it's not damaged and that it's properly aligned.
5. Upper threading tension: The tension in the upper threading may be too tight or too loose. Adjust the upper threading tension as needed.

Set the top tension to four. Now, if the bottom seems too loose go ahead and loosen the bobbin tension a little at a time. If your upper tension isn't real true at four you may have to slightly raise the tension control to offset this.

Do this: Loosen bottom tension/tighten top tension until the knot ends up in the center of the fabric. It is obvious the bottom tension is way too tight.

You're saying the thread on the bobbin is loose/sloppy? That would be a result of the tension placed on the bobbin during winding. Make sure you are using the correct threadpath to wind the bobbin, or the winding tension needs to be adjusted.


https://www.sewingpartsonline.com/juki-dnu-1541-parts.aspx

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0ahUKEwiikseM2J3XAhUE72MKHSV2Bg8QFggmMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdanreetz.com%2Fjuki%2FJUKI_DNU-1541-S-7EM01_SERVICE_MANUAL.pdf&usg=AOvVaw250Npk5Blb-ZBGHGIFqwyy

https://www.manualslib.com/products/Juki-Dnu-1541s-3329212.html

..

...

What thread are you using and what are you sewing? I'm assuming the machine is stitching correctly and it is just a tension issue. I would test each thread seperatly by hand and see if one thread is too tight or too loose. Thread on the bottom usually mean the top thread is too loose however it could by the bobbin is too tight. It could also indicate a slight timing issue or a burr on the hook. Is the thread shredding or getting damaged?

needle too small or machine out of time. to time machine theres a mark on needle bar. lower needle bar till mark shows and raise bar till even with bar guide. take off feeder plate so u can see needle in relation to hook. when mark on needel bar is even with bar guide the hook should be 1/16 fron passing the needle. if not loosen 3 screws and trial and error it to get it right. use a small screwdriver and tighten just on screw when u hab aglined the hook to needle. do a full rotation and watch where needle is and needle bar mark. needel should be as clost to hook without touching.

Needle breaks
1.the needle is damaged
2.the needle is not correctly inserted
3.wrong size needle for the fabric
4.the wrong foot is attached
5.the needle clamp screw is loose
6. Top tension is too tight
7. Machine could be out of time

Puckering is typically NOT a tension problem. But rather a bad needle or not the right needle for the project and thread. Sometimes it's uneven feed but since your 1541 is a walking foot you might have to get the feed timed. I know little about that.

I would first look at the recommended needle thread combo for the fabric. Then the presser foot tension.

Good luck.

If you have the instruction manual, you might read the chapter which describes the proper adjustment for threads and fabrics.
If you do not have one, try to find it on eBay. It is the huge source of everything.

Is your top tension set tight? If not, it may be a problem with the tension spring and if it is a new machine will be covered under warranty. It may also be that the bottom tension is set too tight. Not a major problem