I was winding a bobbin, it sounded funny and then the whole machine stopped

It just needs cleaning and servicing (terrible sounds = lubrication). Parts seldom need replacing, it just needs tightening up. Service centres can usually get parts.

Is the bobbin pushed over to engage the stop

Hi Ron, I'm Julie. No it doesn't sound normal. What brand and model of sewing machine are you using, please?

if the needle broke into where the bobbin area is
you may have to try pulling the fabric out of the bobbin area or cutting the fabric loose
the machine needs to be serviced because the jam may have put it out of time

Sounds more like the way the bobbin has been wound, is it loose and uneven or tight and smooth. Is it properly into the tension spring? being loose doesn't sound right, a thread under correct bobbin tension is usually pretty firm.

Is it loaded into the bobbin holder the right way ?

Also check the bobbin itself hasn't been damaged in some way, not worn/bent. It needs to turn smoothly in the bobbin holder so if one edge has been bent a little this will cause problems.

When winding bobbins, you must have tension on the thread so it winds smoothly with consistent tension on the thread. Most machines have a little tension disc on top or the thread goes through the regular tensioner in order to achieve this. But I always wind bobbins at about 3/4 speed and also add a little extra tension by holding my scissors handle on top of the thread spool so it doesnt bounce around. Also start winding with a little tail pulled through a hole on top of the bobbin and wind until this starting end is covered, then stop and snip off the tail. Then continue winding and watch the thread, giving it a nudge so that it fills evenly across the bobbin, not just all in the middle.

Think of it like the garden hose reel; if you wind it really fast the hose all goes into the middle of the reel, then jams up and you can't get the whole hose onto it. Same thing, wind smoothly and evenly across the whole depth of the bobbin so that the thread is smooth and even. Then when the thread feeds off it will be smooth evenly tensioned and should stitch out evenly.

There is some good trouble shooting information on this page too which might help you to work out what is causing this thread breakage.
http://sewing.about.com/od/sewingmachineindex/a/mtroubleshot.htm

You need to keep tension on the thread spool as you wind the bobbin to avoid this from happening. Also, is there a little tension device to take the thread around between the spool and the bobbin winder? Some machines have a little silver button tensioner purely for bobbin winding to keep the thread flowing smoothly.

But I always do the following anyway just to ensure a smooth bobbin. Take the thread from your spool, through the eyelet or tensioner, then back to the bobbin and put the tail end up through a hole in the top of the bobbin. Now put the bobbin onto the winder and click it against the stop. Place the curved handle of a pair of scissors onto the top of the thread spool and apply some gentle pressure to stop the spool from bouncing and jumping while winding off. Keep doing this through the winding process.

Start the bobbin winding mechanisim, its a button on my Janome 6500, yours might be a little different. HOLD the thread tail until you've got coverage over the whole bobbin area catching the starting point. Stop, trim the thread tail off top of the bobbin with scissors, then restart winding again. Watch as the thread winds and give it a nudge with your finger tip to the top or bottom so the bobbin winds evenly across the whole spool's width.

Best analogy here is when you wind the garden hose onto the reel, if it goes on all over the place you never get the whole length on neatly, but if you wind it on neatly in an even tight coil across the spool, then back again, then repeat, you get a tidy hose. But just wind madly, it all builds up in the middle, you can't get it all onto the reel, and it won't pull out nicely next time you need it. Same thing with your SM thread.

Polyester and silky embroidery threads will be worse too as they are silky, so if the thread hasn't been wound on smoothly and under tension, then it will "collapse" with gravity, then when you use the bobbin, the thread is going to be caught on itself, will feed unevenly and be stretched, then loose, giving you less than perfect stitch tension.

My other bobbin tip is store the bobbins in a plastic bobbin tray so they are lying on their edges and under a cover. Keeps them neater and they are less likely to unwind stray threads around your sewing cabinet if you store them on the spool pins build onto the cabinet door - and it keeps the thread dust free. But I do not keep thread on bobbins for long, prefer to wind a fresh one off a new spool when I start a project and can usually complete a garment with a 3/4 filled bobbin, use the remaining few metres for handsewing, then junk the rest. Then I put the thread spool that is left back into a sealed takeway container to keep it away from UV, dust and moisture.

I hope this assists you with your machine and certainly if this doesn't resolve the bobbin issues, then I'd suggest you visit your dealer and ask them to demonstrate the technique on your machine to see if there is a technical issue with it.

It sounds like you don't have any tension on the thread when winding the bobbin. Make sure that you are running the thread through the tension disc on the top of the machine before going to the bobbin winder.

When you engage the bobbin winder it has a small rubber in which it makes contact with the driver rubber maybe that is not making contact, to stop the cotton from showing on the top, adjust the small screw on the bobbin holder tighter clockwise.

Bobbin will not lock on bobbin spindle, what can I do?