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Might be cooling fan clutch or the electric fan could be broken, the engine-cooling fan moves air through the radiator when your car is stationary or traveling at a slow speed, this air removes the heat from the coolant created by the engine, using the radiator as a conductor. When the cooling fan no longer works it causes the coolant to overheat which causes the engine to overheat. Also check the radiator, when the AC is turned on, the heat released from the condenser located in front of the radiator reduces the radiator's ability to remove the heat and the engine starts to overheat.
You didn't state when it overheats, if it is while driving the fault can be : belt driving water pump slipping , lower radiator hose collapsing, most common is clogged radiator. Start the engine with the radiator cap off when it is COLD and observe the flow in side. If you see really fast flow of coolant you have the bottom portion of the radiator stopped up. The only way to know is to remove the radiator and have it flow tested.
A blown head gasket or cracked head will cause steam to come out of the exhaust, water in the oil (milky). If it is running hot while idling , check fan to see if it is turning as it should when it should. Older cars have fan clutches that go bad, newer ones have temp thermostats that go bad.
Simply replace your heat sensor located next to your thermostat housing on the top of your motor. Also its a good idea to check your coolant level sensor located within the plastic overflow bucket. Both can cause this un-reliable reading on the heat gauge. Be sure that the thermostat is not sticking shut or open as it to can cause this problem as well as the cooling fan not comming on when it should located by your radiator.
I presume the engine is actually overheating -(not just a temperature gauge sender issue - check for poor connection at sender).
If so, go through the checklist following:-
1) Check engine cooling fan/s are operating as required when engine temp rises above cut-in threshold - check fan control relay is ok,
2) Check for collapsing radiator hose on suction side of water-pump when motor revs raised above idle. 3) Check coolantreservoir pressure cap is serviceable, 4) Check coolant system is properly filled - carry out any bleed off procedure specified to clear any air locks- (ensure heater core coolant flow is turned on). 5) Check condition of radiator core:- i) for blockage of air flow to (bugs/grass etc), ii) for core internal blockage to coolant flow,
fix the radiator first.because coolant temperature sensor need to be in antifreeze.when antifreeze get up to 190 degrees. the coolant sensor act as a thermostat.it resistance decrease then the pcm will command cooling fans to run.if antifreeze low the coolant temperature sensor not going to work. engine is going to over heat.
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