My temperature gauge suddenly said my car was over heating

Likely the thermostat has failed (not opening).

check coolant level refill eveything

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These details will help.
Thanks.

Hello! Located in the block is the Coolant temperature sensor....It has two wires in the connector (Blue or Dark Blue and Black)...It is an inverse variable resistor that is to say that as temperature rises the resistance drops...This device is the culprit...At 20 C should read 2000 ohms and at 120 C 200 ohms...Replace the sensor...Guru...saailer

I’m happy to help further over the phone at https://www.6ya.com/expert/david_6df67de3b14de867

Could be low on anti freeze or thermostat going

prob just low on coolant

the drop- electric fan is coming on to cool the overheat- the heat- sounds like thermostat is bad-replace

It sounds like you do need a thermostat with your heat shut off and the gauge will raise a little then the car doesn't have that heat drawn from it indicating that you most likely do need a thermostat. As far as the fans coming on immediatly that could be a different problem it is most likely the coolant temperature sensor that tells the fan's when to come on. If this sensor says the coolant is hot the fans will come on immediatly. These are seperate problems as the coolant temperature sensor does not have anything to do with the cabin heating system. You should first check the level of your coolant is full, This could also cause your cabin heating system to perform poorly, and may have adverse effects to the engine cooling system. (fans)

the temp sensor sounds like it maybe bad and not responding the way it should.they are cheap 10 - 20 dollars and easy to replace.

It could be a faulty thermostat. Did it do the same thing before u replaced the t-stat? It sounds like it's sticking closed, then all of a sudden it opens, coolant flows correctly. I'd consider changing it again. Check to make sure parts store is giving u the correct temperature thermostat also. Maybe it's too high for your Ford, delaying the opening.