With the Engine Running and belt rotating: Spray Belt Dressing (available at most auto parts / general merchandise stores) onto the Belt. Does the "whinning" noise go away? If so replace the Belt.
Turn off the Engine.
If the Belt Dressing does not stop the whinning: Check the Power Fluid Level. Add Power Steering Fluid - if necessary.
With the Engine Off: Remove the Serpentine Belt.
Click on the following free Link for the Belt Diagram and Directions on how to remove the Belt. Go to the left (counterclockwise) to relieve pressure off the Belt and remove the Belt.
http://www.2carpros.com/car_repair_information/year/2000/make/volvo/model/v40/2000_volvo_v40_drive_belt_routing_diagram.htm
After removing the Belt:
Go to the side and look at the alignment of all the Pulleys. All Pulleys should be aligned with each other. No Pulley should be canted/leaning.
Using your hand: turn the Power Steering Pump Pulley. The turning should be smooth and without effort. If there is any resistance or squeeking at anytime while turning, then the bearings in the Pump are going-out, and the Pump should be replaced.
While the Belt is off: check the remainder of the "free" Pulleys. Do Not turn the Crankshaft Pulley (you shouldn't be able to - by hand).
Let me know if this helped, or if you have additional information or questions. Feel Free to contact me at FixYa.com!
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noise power steering pulley adjustment
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