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OPERATION
A variable three-wire resistor-type electrical sensor which sends a
signal to the electronic control unit relative to the throttle position.
INSPECT
Different kinds of problems can happen with a throttle position sensor (TPS).
A throttle position sensor has a wiper arm that rubs against a resistor strip.
TEST
The TPS can be checked with either a voltmeter or an ohmmeter.
A throttle position sensor can be checked with an ohmmeter or a
voltmeter. The elongated slots in this TPS allow for adjustment.
Courtesy of Ford Motor Company.
To perform ohmmeter tests, the switch must be disconnected. That
makes the voltmeter (or scope, which is actually a voltmeter, too) the
tester of choice.
Three tests are made for TPS operation.
A glitch in a DSO pattern on a TPS test. Courtesy of Edge Diagnostic Systems.
When checking voltage output of a TPS, typically there would be less
than 0.1 V at idle. Typical voltage at half throttle would be 2.5 V.
NOTE
Remember, there is a 5-volt reference signal. That
is why there is a 2.5 V signal when the throttle is half open. At WOT
the signal would be 4.5 V.
Voltmeter Testing
A sensor can be tested with a voltmeter while its electrical wiring
is still connected (this is called backprobing a connector). Move the
throttle slowly from closed to open. At different throttle openings,
varying resistances are specified. Watch for any glitches.
NOTE
When the throttle is opened gradually to check the
throttle position sensor voltage signal, tap the sensor lightly and
watch for fluctuations on the voltmeter pointer, indicating a defective
sensor.
Ohmmeter Testing
With the wiring disconnected, the TPS can be tested with an ohmmeter.
A normal TP sensor waveform while it opens and closes.
The waveform of a defective TP sensor. Notice the glitch while the throttle opens.
These glitches are an indication of an open or short in the sensor.
On some carbureted engines, an open in the TP sensor will show up as an
upward spike. This is because the computer supplies a 5-volt signal to
the sensor's output wire if the TP sensor has an open.
SERVICE
Some throttle position sensors are adjustable. Follow manufacturer's instructions.
Incorrect TP sensor adjustment may cause:
Follow these steps to adjust a typical TP sensor:
A TP Sensor with elongated slots for sensor adjustments. Courtesy of General Motors Corporation - Chevrolet Motor Division.
Most throttle position sensors are made so that their adjustments
are tamperproof. They have screws that are either soldered or staked.
To remove the switch, these might need to be drilled or filed off.
After the new switch is installed and adjusted, the new mounting screws
are restaked.
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Hi
Trouble code P0221 means Throttle/Petal Position Sensor/Switch B Circuit Range/Performance Problem. You can only check the wiring of the throttle wires. And, if the wires are connected fine then you have to replace the Throttle position sensor, which needs to be programmed by the dealer using the tools. See this link for necessary info.--
Mercedes Troublecode PO221
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Rylee
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My 2001 Mercedes CLK320 stalled out while accelerating on the freeway and the Check Engine code is P0221. An expert at this site told me to replace the Throttle Position Sensor which I have the part but don't know how to install it. Can it be done myself or does an expert need to do this.
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