The short answer, yes. M46 models with the type J or P overdrive (depending on year and market) require a certain level of oil in the overdrive. Additionally, the overdrive is a lot like a standard automatic transmission with one gear range in theory of operation. Therefore, the hydraulic properties of said transmission do come into play here, line pressure, shifting pressure, accumulator and piston function all work together to engage or disengage the unit. Always ensure the unit is disengaged before downshifting and of course, shifting into low reverse.
SOURCE: 92 960
1st thing to do is run a self test of the trans for trouble codes, sounds like a problem with the electronics, may be a poor trans connector connection or a solenoid issue in the trans.
2nd if the oil pressure is low and by your description it is, don't drvie the car, you will burn out the rod bearings then a new engine is needed, yes it sounds like a oil pump issue, there is no easy pump to change, jack the engine off the motor mounts and it makes getting it out easier. Please give at least a helpful rating, we experts do this for free, just want to help folks like you with car problems.
SOURCE: 1992 240 Volvo automatic transmission won't shift out of 3rd gear
Check the transmission filter, may be clogged up, do not change the oil, keep the same oil when replacing filter, trust me to avoid transmission repair.
SOURCE: Won't shift into overdrive when button pushed
check gearbox oil level remove gear lever switch check feed to switch with meter or test lamp no feed check fuse if ok put 2 wires together car in 4th gear ignition on should hear click from overdrive solenoied if ok fit new switch if not check wires from lever to gearbox for breaks think you might find problem here if not check inhibitor switch and then solenoid hope this helps you
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